Vascular supply of the leg
Arteries
The arterial Supply of lower extremity comes from the great Abdominal aorta.
From here one branch at a time outer and a inner Pelvic artery from:
- External iliac artery and
- Internal iliac artery
The branches of the internal iliac artery run through the pool and branch out further into their terminal branches.
- The Iliolumbar artery supplies some muscles of the pelvis,
- the Superior gluteal artery and inferior pull to the Glutes and supply them with oxygenated blood.
- The Pudendal artery leaves the pelvis again and then branches into further terminal branches:
- The Rectal artery supplies the anal canal and skin,
- the Perineal artery the musculature of the urogenital diaphragm and other branches supply the scrotum, resp. labia minora as urethra and penis or clitoris.
- The Obturator artery also leaves the small pelvis and then supplies the muscles of the Adductor group of Thigh.
The outer Pelvic artery (Arteria iliaca externa) goes in the area of the inner hip into the Femoral artery above.
This is the large artery of the thigh, which also gives off numerous branches. Some superficial branches supply other areas of the Basin and des Thigh.
The strongest and deepest branch of the femoral artery,
- the A. profunda fermoris runs medially. More branches branch off from here.
- The Arteria circumflexa femoris medialis supplies the hamstring muscles. The
- Arteria circumflexa femoris laterlis runs along the side of the thigh and supplies the extensor muscles.
It forms one in the area of the thigh neck Anastomosis with the medial artery of the same name. Together they take care of them Joint capsule. Approximately at the level of the Kneecap the femoral artery goes into the Popliteal artery above. Branches of this artery supply that knee and its joint capsule as well as the muscles.
The anterior tibial artery arises from the popliteal artery just below the knee: Anterior tibial artery.
It runs to the Back of the foot and gives off numerous branches on its way, which the extensor muscles of the Lower leg and take care of both ankles.
On the dorsum of the foot, the anterior tibial artery goes into the Arteria dorsalis pedis about which then in one Arterial network ends and supplies the back of the foot.
The Posterior tibial artery represents the second terminal branch of the popliteal artery.
It runs on the back of the lower leg between the Flexor muscles. On their way to Sole of the foot it supplies the flexor muscles and finally ends in the Medial plantar artery and lateralis, which end in an arterial network and supply the sole of the foot as well as the lateral and middle edge of the foot.
In its course, the arteria tibialis posterior also arises from the Fibular artery. This ends at the outer ankle and forms one there Anastomosis with the posterior tibial artery.
Veins
The Veins of the leg will be in superficial and depth Veins articulated.
The run superficial Veins immediately under the skin and without accompanying Arterieswhile the deep Veins are often named like the arteries and with them together run away.
Superficial and deep veins are through Connecting veins (Vv. Perforantes) connected with each other.
The largest superficial vein is the Great saphenous vein. It extends from the inside of the Foot to hip and there flows into the deep one Femoral vein. In its course it takes the blood of the foot vein network and numerous other small veins of the Leg on.
In the area of the Venous star shortly before the confluence with the femoral vein, it takes the External pudendal vein which directs the blood from the scrotum or the labia. Also the
- Superior epigastric vein, the
- V.ena circumflexa ilium superficialis and the
- Accessory vein enter the great saphenous vein at the venous star.
They all carry the blood out different Areas of the hip or the skin. The smaller one Saphenous vein occurs in the area of the outer edge of the foot.
She also takes blood from the Vein network of the back of the foot and then runs to the back of the Lower leg. In the area of the hollow of the knee, it disappears in depth and flows into the Popliteal vein.
The deep Veins largely correspond in name and course to the Arteries. The main vein of the lower extremity is the Femoral vein. It receives inflows from the Anterior tibial vein and posteriores.
These transport the blood from the deep and superficial Stretch- or. Flexor muscles.
In the area of the hollow of the knee they open into the popliteal vein, which then into the Femoral vein flows out. From there, the blood flows through the inferior vena cava heart.
