URINARY RETENTION

causes

The following can be responsible for urinary retention:

mechanical obstruction (Narrowing) below the urinary bladder

trauma

poor neurogenic function of the bladder or bladder sphincter (Bladder sphincter)

Medication

gynecological changes

medical interventions and their consequences (iatrogenic cause)

psyche

Obstructions that cause urinary retention can be caused by changes in the prostate (Prostate gland) arise, such as prostate enlargement (Hyperplasia), Prostate abscess (inflammatory tissue melting with pus formation) or prostate cancer (carcinoma). Since the prostate surrounds the urethra, which directs the urine from the bladder to the outside, this drainage path is narrowed in the case of the changes mentioned, so that a congestion with urinary retention occurs. Diseases of the urethra itself can also result in obstruction and subsequent urinary retention. These include urethral stricture, urethral cancer or urethral diverticulum (Eversion of the mucous membrane). Furthermore, such a mechanical shift can also be caused by a bladder stone.
Trauma that causes urinary retention can affect the urethra or the urinary bladder. A rupture of the urethra, which subsequently interrupts the outflow of urine, or a so-called bladder tamponade are examples of trauma with subsequent urinary retention that is, the reason lies in changes in the nervous system.
Examples of this are a herniated disc in the lumbar spine, where the disc compresses the nerves that control the function of the bladder and sphincter muscles and thus prevent adequate bladder emptying. Even with multiple sclerosis (MS), Herpes zoster virus infection or borreliosis can damage the nerves involved, so that urinary retention occurs. In addition, a so-called spinal shock results in neurogenic urinary retention. A nervous failure leads to circulatory insufficiency and, in the course of this, to urinary retention. Another reason for urinary retention can be certain medications. These include antiallergics (Medicines used to treat allergic reactions), Analgesics (Painkiller), Drugs used to treat Parkinson's, anesthetics (narcotics), or antiarrhythmics (Medicines for irregular heartbeat).

Gynecological diseases can also cause urinary retention.
Examples are lowering of the uterus and vagina (Descensus uteri et vaginae; uterus = uterus, vagina = vagina), because this causes these organs to compress the urethra from the outside. As a result, the flow of urine is obstructed, urinary retention occurs, and iatrogenic reasons should also be mentioned. Certain surgical interventions in the vicinity of the bladder may trigger reflex urinary retention. Lastly, there are psychogenic reasons that cause urinary retention. For psychological reasons, the patient is unable to empty his bladder, for example out of a sense of shame.

Read about that Bladder and rectum disorder.

Symptoms

Patients who suffer from urinary retention complain about strongest urge to urinate, but are unable to empty the bladder (Leading symptom).
Furthermore, the filled bladder can be used as a Swelling in the lower abdomen be visible, the patients are pale, restless and sweat.
At neurogenic cause for urinary retention, however, the pain can also be absent.