Anatomy-Lexicon

testosterone

Synonyms

Sex hormone, androgen, androstane, sex hormones

English: testosterone

introduction

Testosterone is a derivative of the sex hormone (Androgen). Testosterone occurs in both sexes, but differs in terms of concentration and effect. The tesotosterone is derived from testis (Testicles) and steroid. Ernst Lageur was the "inventor" of testosterone when he was the first to extract bull testicles.

In men, testosterone is primarily produced in the testicles. Other places of production are the adrenal glands, where other androgens are also produced. In women, testosterone is produced in small quantities in the ovaries and adrenal glands.
Progestreon is an intermediate for the synthesis of testosterone.

tasks

In the seminiferous tubules, testosterone causes the spermatids to mature into sperm. In men / boys, testosterone causes the penis, scrotum and secondary sexual characteristics to develop.

Outside the genital organs, this hormone causes body hair to grow, except for scalp hair. In addition, the testosterone has an anabolic effect, and thus promotes muscle building. A positive effect on endurance sports has not yet been scientifically proven. Tesosterone promotes new cartilage and bone formation and increases sexual desire. In addition, the testosterone has an increasing effect on the aggression drive.

In women, an external supply of testosterone leads to masculinization (Virilization). The voice becomes deeper, the body hair increases and the genital organs grow. In addition, an increased incidence of depression was found in women with high testosterone levels.

diagnosis

The testosterone content in the blouse is determined. As a rule, the blood is drawn in the early morning hours, as the testosterone level fluctuates over the course of the day.

transport

The testosterone is going to a protein bound and transported through the blood in the human body. This testosterone complex reaches the target organ via the blood. This target organ must have a corresponding receptor for testosterone. The protein to which testosterone binds is called Globulin (SHBG). Testosterone is transported to the seminiferous tubules via the androgen binding protein of the Sertoli cells.

Testosterone abuse

The anabolic effect of testosterone is often abused in professional and recreational sports

The anabolic effect des testosterone is often considered in exercise Doping substances abused. In sports in which an increased proportion of muscle mass has a positive effect, athletes in recent years have increasingly resorted to these illegal methods to accelerate muscle building and to overcome natural performance limits. The danger of this doping is not only a possible loss of prestige, but also serious physical damage.
The most common sports are Bodybuilding and sports with high-speed movements such as sprinting and throwing disciplines in athletics.
Primarily used in sport are the short chain ester (Propionate), medium chain ester (Enanthate / cypionate) and long chain ester (Undecanoate, bucciclate). Most of the trade takes place on the black market.