The hormone belonging to the parathyroid gland is the parathyroid hormone, which is produced in the main cells of the parathyroid glands. The parathyroid hormone plays an important role in the calcium balance. This happens through the influence of the hormone on bones
A muscle fiber is the smallest unit of a skeletal muscle. There are two different types of muscle fibers, slow-twitch or type 1 fibers and fast-twitch or type 2 fibers. A common injury, especially to the calf muscles
Eicosanoids are hormones that act as nerve transmitters and modulators of the immune system. These hormones also have a role to play in inflammatory processes. The eicosanoids include prostaglandins and prostacyclines
Neurotransmitters are messenger substances that generate a signal at their destination and enable communication between cells. If there is a deficiency or excess of a transmitter, diseases such as Alzheimer's, schizophrenia or Parkinson's disease occur
The aortic valve separates the main artery (aorta) from the left ventricle. The aortic valve is a pocket valve and consists of three pockets. The aortic valve acts as an outlet valve for the heart and prevents the blood from flowing back out of the aorta
The pulmonary valve lies between the large pulmonary artery (Truncus pulmonalis) and the right main chamber of the heart. The pulmonary valve is a pocket valve and consists of three pockets. It prevents the blood from flowing back out of the pulmonary artery
Gastritis and gastric cancer are among the most common stomach diseases. Gastritis is a chronic inflammation of the stomach lining that can be triggered autoimmune, bacteria or medication. Stomach ulcers can be a result of this
The primary function of the uterus is to house the fetus during pregnancy and to expel it at the end of it. In addition, the sperm reach the fallopian tube through them, where fertilization also takes place.
The sinus node is the heart's primary electrical pacemaker and is largely responsible for heart rate and excitation. In healthy people, the sinus node works at a frequency of about 60 to at rest
The term bone density describes the ratio of bone mass to bone volume. The bone density measurement is of great importance for the diagnosis of osteoporosis (bone loss), but the bone density can also be used for various others
The pleura surrounds the lungs and the ribs and thus represents a movable layer which, on the one hand, ensures a stable negative pressure so that the lungs do not collapse, and, on the other hand, the friction between the ribs and lungs during volume changes
The hand muscles can be divided into the muscles of the ball of the thumb, the metacarpus and the ball of the little finger. They are all innervated by either the median or ulnar nerve. It mainly serves the fine motor skills, so that all everyday
The umbilical cord is a connective tissue tube that contains blood vessels and thus connects the bloodstream of mother and child in the uterus. This allows the fetus to be supplied with oxygen and other nutrients. After the birth, the umbilical cord becomes
Turner syndrome is the absence or dysfunction of the second X chromosome in girls. Typical symptoms are short stature and infertility. Symptomatic therapy consists of the substitution of growth hormones
In trisomy 13 there is a third chromosome 13. This leads to a number of malformations of the internal organs. The prognosis is very poor and a large number of the affected fetuses die intrauterine.
Body measurements are the specific, external characteristics of a person, such as height, weight, waist-to-hip ratio or shoe size. To determine the relationship between height and weight, there is the body mass index (BMI) or Broca
The molars are located in the back of the oral cavity and are large teeth that are responsible for grinding the food before it is swallowed. Of the 32 teeth of the adult dentition, 20 teeth are molars, 4 of which are wisdom teeth
Body type is primarily defined as our external appearance. There are several classification methods for different body types. However, most people are of mixed types. The physique and appearance of one also change
Fat is essential for the human body and occurs in many places in the body. The functions include energy storage, padding or thermal insulation. A healthy, low-fat diet helps to reduce the fat percentage as best as possible
The cardiac output indicates the volume that is ejected by the heart per minute. There are various methods of measuring cardiac output, but some of them are quite complex. In a healthy adult, the volume is
