Painful urination in woman
synonym
Pain when urinating = alguria
introduction
Painful urination is a symptom that most women face at least once in their life.
The causes are varied, but one of the most common reasons for the painful going to the toilet is a urinary tract infection, better known in the vernacular as Cystitis, dar.
In addition to painful urination, there are often other symptoms that can help identify the cause.
In general, the majority of the diseases that cause painful urination are easily treated.
Although these occur relatively rarely, there are also serious illnesses that can be associated with painful urination.
In this case, treatment is carried out by a specialist.
root cause
The most common cause of pain when urinating or burning after urination in women is a urinary tract infection, i.e. inflammation of the urinary tract or the bladder (cystitis).
Read more on the subject below Problems urinating.
Cystitis affects women much more often than men because their urethra is much shorter than men. As a result, bacteria can rise faster into the bladder and cause inflammation there.
Read more on the topic: Cystitis and What Are the Typical Causes of a Urinary Tract Infection?
Another possible cause of painful urination in women is the presence of a sexually transmitted disease, which can become symptomatic due to the involvement of the urethra in this form.
Possible examples of such sexually transmitted diseases are infections with chlamydia or with gonococci which cause gonorrhea.
Pain when urinating can also be triggered by urinary stones, so-called bladder stones, that occur in the bladder. These bladder stones are caused by the build-up of particles that are normally dissolved in the urine. For example, if the pH of the urine is too low or if the substance in question is too large, it can crystallize into stones, which can then lead to discomfort when urinating in the form of pain due to mechanical irritation of the bladder wall.
In some cases, a so-called irritable bladder can also be the cause of the pain. The bladder is overactive and there is an urge to urinate even though the bladder is not full. However, this irritable bladder is not based on a disease correlate, so it is still unknown what actually causes the irritable bladder.
Read more on the topic: Irritable bladder
Occasionally, painful urination can also result from adverse drug reactions, such as a rare side effect of the antibiotic ciprofloxacin.
Another possible cause of painful urination is an injury to the lower urinary tract, for example as a result of trauma.
Rarely, a tumor in the bladder area also causes pain, which can occur when urinating.
Furthermore, the pain can be a long-term consequence of radiation.
This does not even have to take place specifically on the bladder but can also generally lead to irritation and damage to the bladder and urinary tract when irradiating the pelvis, for example as a therapy for cancer, so that urination can become painful even without the involvement of bacterial agents Pathogens.
Symptoms
Painful urination can various causes may be the basis. The characteristic of painful urination and the Concomitant symptoms differ from one another depending on the underlying disease.
The quality of the pain and the accompanying symptoms are the decisive factors in determining the cause.
Is the Cystitis the Cause of the painful urinationso have this one burning character and occur particularly at the end of urination. It is also typical for cystitis that one frequent urination is necessary, in which only small amounts of urine come in at a time, as the bladder is so irritated by the inflammation that it causes an urge to urinate more often than normal. This Urge to urinate usually also exists at night. In addition, it can be a sign of a bladder infection Urine discolored is or also smells strong. In addition, a cystitis is also noticeable in general symptoms, so that the patient concerned feels beaten and often too fever Has.
Is the painful urination one Irritable bladder Basically, pain is usually not the dominant symptom, but rather the urge to urinate is at the fore of the complaints.
For pain that is a symptom of a sexually transmitted disease occur when urinating, depending on the pathogen, there are often other accompanying symptoms such as vaginal discharge or a itching which can then point to the causative disease.
A tumor in the urinary tract rarely causes clear and specific symptoms, so it is often recognized late. So should the appearance of Blood in the urine be taken seriously as a warning signal and clarified, although it is not exclusively due to a tumor.
The painful urination occurs as a result of a Irradiation on, the pain is often also described as burning, but there is usually also pressure pain.
It is not uncommon for blood to be observed in the urine.
Since the cystitis is not triggered by pathogens after irradiation, there is no fever.
Is that painful urination traumatic conditionally, they are based on an injury to the urinary tract. Here the symptoms often exist not only during urination, but also at rest.
Pain at the end of urination
Kick the pain at the end of urination on, this is a typical one symptom for one Cystitis.
This can be explained by the fact that the inflamed and irritated walls of the bladder touch after urination if there is no filling, which causes a Pain stimulus arises.
Blood in the urine
If Blood in the urine this is called present Hematuria. One can differentiate between the Microhematuriawhere the red blood cells (Erythrocytes) can only be detected with the help of a microscope or corresponding test strips Macrohematuria.
In this form, the blood in the urine is in the form of a to the naked eye Urine turns red to see. A false alarm can be triggered by certain foods such as beetroot, which can temporarily color the urine red.
Women of childbearing age with blood in the urine must also be asked about the presence of menstrual bleeding, as this can also turn the urine red.
A possible Cause of blood in the urine is a Urinary tract infection.
Also Urinary stones (Concrements) in the urinary tract can mechanically irritate them, leading to blood in the urine. Following the same principle, it often happens after placing or pulling one Urinary catheter blood in the urine.
Very rarely does blood appear in the urine, even in healthy people after extreme physical exertion before what as March hemoglobinuria referred to as. It was named after the findings of blood in the urine of soldiers after physically strenuous marches.
There too Urinary bladder tumors to Blood in the urine haematuria must always be interpreted as a warning signal and checked by a doctor.
Painful urination during pregnancy
If pain occurs when urinating during pregnancy, a doctor should be consulted immediately who will use urine diagnostics to determine whether a bladder infection is present. This should then be treated with antibiotics that are approved for pregnancy, such as cefuroxime or amoxicillin, in order to prevent worse inflammation, which could then also harm the unborn child.
Pain when urinating in later pregnancy can also be caused by the baby's increase in size in the uterus, which then presses on the urinary bladder. Nevertheless, pain when urinating during pregnancy should always be taken seriously and clarified by a doctor.
Read more on the topic: Pain when urinating as a sign of pregnancy and Cystitis During Pregnancy
diagnosis
Lie Painful urination before, this should be done by a To be clarified by a doctor. This asks in the anamnese Pain characteristics and whether there are accompanying symptoms that indicate an underlying cause.
The anamnesis is followed by a physical examination, which, among other things, checks whether there is knocking pain over the kidneys.
This is usually followed by a Urinalysis.
The occurrence of various parameters can often be used to infer the cause of the pain. Typical for a Cystitis are increased White blood cell counts (white blood cells) in the urine. If no cause for the painful urination can be found even after these examinations, one can Laboratory test of the blood Provide information.
Also can with a Ultrasonic from the bladder and the kidneys are checked to see whether, for example, a urinary stone is causing the pain. If you want to rule out a possible tumor of the urinary bladder, you can do a cystoscopy.
At Suspected sexually transmitted disease the doctor takes one vaginal smear and has it evaluated in the laboratory. Sometimes there is also one Imaging the lower urinary tract required in the form of a X-ray image, MRI (Magnetic resonance imaging) or by means of CT (Computed tomography) can be performed.
The pain occurs because of a undesirable effects of drugs on, one cannot usually infer it directly. However, if no other obvious cause for the pain can be found and if a drug has only been taken for a short time, then this possibility must not be ignored and it should be discontinued.
If there are no more symptoms then this indicates that the drug triggered the pain and should no longer be prescribed.
Only when, despite all the diagnostics, no cause for the woman's pain when urinating is found, one speaks of the so-called Irritable bladder.
This procedure is called exclusion diagnostics.
Which doctor should be seen?
If you feel pain when urinating that does not improve within a few days even after exercise, or if there are accompanying symptoms such as blood in the urine, you should consult a doctor immediately.
A general practitioner is a good choice here, as the pain when urinating is in most cases harmless and easy-to-treat causes. If the family doctor cannot find an explanation for the existence of the complaints or has a suspicion of a more serious underlying illness, he usually refers the patient to a urologist (doctor for diseases of the urinary tract). If a venereal disease is suspected, a referral to a gynecologist (gynecologist) or a dermatologist (dermatologist) can be made.
therapy
Depending on the root causethat trigger pain in women when urinating are several Treatment methods.
The frequent lies Cystitis before, the Therapy of the inflamed bladder in physical rest in the form of bed rest. It is also important that the patient does a lot Drink water or tea with the ulterior motive that if you drink around three to four liters you have to pass water so often that the Bacteria flushed out of the bladder become. These measures are often sufficient. However, if the symptoms do not improve after about three days or if the condition even worsens, an antibiotic should be used. After the cystitis has subsided, a urine test is also recommended to confirm that no bacteria can be detected in the urine.
Is there a sexually transmitted disease before, this is different depending on the causative agent Antibiotics treated.
The urination discomfort is a adverse drug effects owed, the triggering medication should follow Consultation with the doctor discontinued or switched to other drugs with the same effect.
At a Irritable bladder Therapy is limited to one Bladder training or on medication to relieve the urge to urinate, as there is no known cause for this problem that could be treated.
Lies a tumor before, which causes pain when urinating, the treatment depends on its stage and can take the form of an operation, chemotherapy or radiation (radiation). In case the painful urination as Result of radiation have occurred, therapy is rather difficult because the cause usually cannot be treated. The therapy concept is limited to one Symptom relief, for example with the help of Painkillers or even antispasmodic medication can be achieved.
What to do in case of painful urination
If you ask Painful urination If there are no accompanying symptoms, you can try to relieve the pain Home remedies, bed rest and sufficient Drinking amount of at least three liters per day to get a grip. However, if there is no improvement after about three days or symptoms such as fever or Blood in the urine in addition, one should his immediately Family doctor who will then initiate further diagnostic and therapeutic measures.
Home remedies for painful urination
Since women are most likely to feel pain when urinating Cystitis think you can try to cure this with home remedies. It is very important that the person concerned drinks enough. Three liters of water or tea should at least be drunk. This often causes the urge to urinate and excretes the bacteria that cause inflammation in the bladder with the urine.
There are also special teas, as Bladder or kidney tea promise a diuretic effect and can therefore be drunk when urinating when painful. Hard-driving active ingredients known in herbal medicine that are also present in these teas are, for example, dandelion, goldenrod, nettle or birch leaves and are available in pharmacies. That too Bearberry leaf extract is a naturopathic remedy for cystitis.
As a home remedy for a cystitis, the juice is also off Cranberries known, of which one can drink 300 ml daily for the treatment, but also for the prevention of cystitis.
As important as one sufficient amount of water to drink is the physical conservation. It is best to do this in the form of bed rest. You can support a Hot water bottle use, which can relieve pain by relaxing the muscles around the bladder with the heat.
forecast
At a CystitisThe pain that causes the woman to urinate is a very strong one good prognosis, as it heals without consequences with adequate treatment. Consequential damage must be expected if there is no treatment and the inflammation of the bladder becomes chronic or rises into the kidney, which can lead to more severe inflammations such as a Pelvic inflammation can trigger.
Also at sexually transmitted diseasesthat lead to painful urination, the prognosis is generally very good under therapy.
At the Bladder cancer you can no general statement to meet. The prognosis depends on the stage of the cancer and the associated therapy options.
prophylaxis
Around Painful urination To prevent it, one must make prophylaxis of the diseases causing it. So you can try creating a Cystitis through general measures such as sufficient daily drinking amount of about two liters, to prevent. Since often Intestinal bacteria are responsible for a bladder infection hygiene very important for the prophylaxis of cystitis. The toilet paper should only be fed from front to back.
Often, a cystitis is also caused by after Sexual intercourse ascending pathogens of the physiological skin flora. That helps preventively Urination after intercourseto flush out those pathogens. Another possibility for prophylaxis against cystitis is vaccination against it. Also will that Cranberry juice said to have a prophylactic effect against cystitis.
Sexually transmitted diseases can be easily done by using a Condoms prevented during intercourse.
Since smoking is a crucial risk factor for the development of Bladder cancer is the Quit smoking the best prophylaxis.
