progesterone

education

Formation of progesterone:

The hormone progesterone (Luteal hormone) arises from cholesterol via pregnenolone in the corpus luteum (Corpus luteum ) of the ovaries, in the follicles (Follicles in the ovary), in the placenta and in the adrenal cortex. The production of hormones in the adrenal gland also takes place in men. The synthesis of progesterone in the corpus luteum is carried out by the granulosa cells. In the blood, cortisol-binding globulin serves as a transporter; the hormone's receptor is intracellular.

regulation

Regulation of progesterone:

The regulation of the Hormone Progesterone is subject to a hypophthalamic-pituitary axis. GnRH of the hypothalamus causes the release of LH (luteinizing hormone), which in turn leads to the release of progesterone.

function

progesterone as a gestagen (pregnancy maintenance) Hormone is used to prepare the egg for absorption and maturation after fertilization. Progesterone continues to receive the pregnancy. The influences of this hormone extend to the uterus (Uterus) that Scabbard (Vagina) that central nervous system and the kidney. Muscle growth is stimulated in the uterus, and glandular remodeling is initiated on the mucous membrane.
At the vagina, the cervix is ​​made smaller in the presence of progesterone and the cervical mucus is made tougher. In the nervous system, the hormone causes a reduction in sensory sensations (anesthesia) and increased excitability of the nerve cells with the risk of seizures (epileptic seizures). Furthermore, the hormone causes an increase in temperature, which is sometimes considered a - controversial - Contraceptive protection is used because this change in temperature marks the time after ovulation.
On average, the body temperature measured before getting up rises (Basal body temperature) by 0.5 ° C. Probably caused progesterone also depressions as well as behavioral disorders that can occur before the menstrual period (premenstrual syndrome) and at the end of pregnancy. In the kidneys, the hormone reduces the excretion of salts by softening the aldosterone effect.