Turns in swimming

definition

Due to the competition distances in swimming, swimmers usually have to change direction several times at the end of the lane by 180 °. A well executed turn can contribute significantly to the generation of speed, but at the same time act as a hindrance if executed poorly. Particularly in competitive swimming, the focus is on optimal turning design.

Each turn can be divided into the following sections:

• Swim up
• Rotate / reverse direction
• goal kick
• crossing

Competition Regulations

It should be noted that the Breaststroke and Dolphin swimming must be struck with both hands at the same time. In back and freestyle swimming, the swimmer must touch the wall with any part of his body.

It has been with the swimmer since 1991 Backstroke allows you to hit the wall with any part of your body. Therefore, the back roll turning has proven itself in backstroke swimming since then.

Lateral turn

This turn, also known as a tilt turn, is considered a universal turn and is one of the turns that are not very demanding in terms of coordination. It is therefore often used in the beginners' area. It is swum to the edge of the pool at high speed and the last arm movement goes into the stop. After striking, one arm is moved in the new, opposite direction of movement. The head turns to the side. Due to the swimming speed, it is not difficult to crouch your legs. The hand that has remained on the wall now initiates the body's rotational movement with a swing. The head is taken between the upper arms. If the body is now in a sideways squatting position against the pelvic wall, the powerful, straight push off takes place in the new direction of movement. After the push, there is also a turning movement into the correct swimming position.

Crawl turn

The crawl turn is currently the best option in Freestyle swimming change the movement by 180 °.

Approx. 1 body length in front of the wall, the rolling movement begins around the body width axis, in the sense of a somersault forwards. One arm is held in front, the other is on the side. The chin is placed on the chest. The legs are crouched to the edge of the pool when the shoulderaxis to pelvic floor shows. If the feet have found a firm hold on the wall, the powerful push in the direction of movement now follows. When the feet have left the wall, the body is turned into the prone position.

Back roll turn

The back roll turn is currently in the performance area at Backstroke applied.

The swimmer turns about 1 body length in front of the wall by 180 ° in the prone position. One arm is extended forward and the other is on the side of the body. The chin is placed on the chest and the rotation around the body width axis is initiated. The legs are tucked against the wall when the shoulder axis points to the pelvic floor. Have the Feet When it comes into contact with the wall, the powerful impression takes place in the direction of movement. During the somersault movement, the body is in the supine position on the ground, so the body does not have to be turned in the prone position after the push-off as in the crawl-roll turn.

High reverse turn

The high turning backward requires less coordination than the back roll turning and is therefore also more used in sporting leisure activities.

By rolling the upper part of the body, the swimmer takes a look at the wall with fewer arm movements in front of the wall. The swimmer touches the wall with his arm stretched forward. The head is rotated towards the stop side. The body turns in the prone position. The legs are tucked against the wall. If the legs are parallel with firm contact with the wall, the powerful impression is made in the new direction of movement